Cecil Lee

Dear Max, Usually, there is no issue of a wooden door (stained in any of the wood grain colour i.e. walnut, rosewood, teak etc...) But if the main entrance is under some threat, then it would depend on what type of threat. Since there are so many different types of threat, it is difficult to give you all the answers. But, here, it is best to determine what element the threat comes from. And use a controlling element to control it. (If possible). Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, In my opinion, there should not be an issue here. Usually, it would not be good the "opposite way" i.e. to have the master bedroom below a far worse situation i.e. a toilet bowl directly above, say the master bedroom bed. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Ling Tien, Please refer to attachment on poison arrow(s) aimed at the body in the bedroom:- 1. Because of the pointed corners, yes, there are two sets of poison arrows aimed at your bed. 2. The pointed arrows are:- From marking A to B and another poison arrow is from marking C to D 3. Markings A to B and C to D 3.1 Based on your diagram, the pointed arrow C to D don't seem to be a major threat for two reasons:- 3.1.1 It seems to aim at the least vulnerable part of the body i.e. the legs. 3.1.2 The markings A to B would have a major impact on the body due to the poison arrow aiming at the body. Please see below:- If it is a toilet, and if there are no other toilets, then one still has to use it. But if the toilet/toilet bowl is above the main door, then, best not to use it. Try to soften the corner e.g. with say wrapping e.g. some item at the poison arrow close to the level of the bed. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Tammy, 1. Thank you for your e-mail. 2. In Chapter 10, Page 89, I have two sets of illustrations. 3. In the first set (row) of illustration, I mentioned that it is acceptable to have a plot of land in the shape of a specific trapezoid. 4. In which, I drawn the illustration of the front of the trapezoid (narrower at the frontage but wider at the back). 5. In the next illustration, I also showed another trapezoid, but in this situation, the frontage of this trapezoid is wider than the back. 6. Therefore, one should take note that: 6.1 The term used is `acceptable' but not necessarily ideal situation. This suggests that if one already has such a plot of land proper advise on layout based on Feng Shui can be used to neutralise such a situation. 6.2 Perhaps the book you read did not distinguish where is the frontage of the trapezoid. Or simply give a very general statement. 6.3 If one looks carefully at these two illustrations under this page, one can find an arrow for each shape. This arrow symbolises the frontage of the plot of land. 6.4 And by now, you would have found that it does make a difference (in real life situations) where the frontage is in relation to e.g. the trapezoid. In my opinion, this is as common as saying that SW = romance sector for everyone. It is buying a car but realising that the steering wheel is at the boot of the car. The idea here is that a little knowledge is a dangerious thing. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, 1. Further to what I had mentioned earlier, this is a real situation:- 2. Yesterday, one my clients called me as her husband remembered that I `warned' them of the sickness sector in their new condominium. 3. Overall, they had done the renovation based on each family member's ba zi. 4. During my audit briefings, I mentioned to my client to take note especially of their son's room located exactly at the east. This is where, the room has 20 year Flying Star Period 7 of #5 as the base number. And the year star is also #5. 5. Since, the child's ba zi needs water element and some metal element, the room was renovated or painted with this colour scheme. 6. But as this is a newly renovated home, it was not good to `spoil' the ambience by hanging Feng Shui cures e.g. 6 coins or wind chime or glass jar filled with salt and water. 7. When the child moved into the bedroom, he fell sick. 8. Further investigation found that the bedsheet is yellow or has enhanced the bad earth #5 further. 9. A decision was made to activate or use the jar with six coins and salt water to release metal. (This is to be placed next to the window). In addition, because of the multiple #5, a set of six coins is to be hung above the bed. This cure is preferred over a wind chime because as mentioned earlier because, a static wind chime is not effective in doing a proper job to neutralise multiple or triple #5's. 10. Therefore, in a situation of 2 x #5's with combinations of #2 or #5 should be dealt with accordingly with the specific cure(s). Usually, if such conditions is not present, a string of 6 coins may be enough. Especially if that sector has the aid of #6 (big metal) or #7 (small metal) at that sector. 11. This extra 6 coins (big metal) is to help sway the balance away and neutralise the sector. 12. What can we learn from this? If one looks into a Ba Zi chart, it is like a graph that can move up and down. And even if we renovate a home based purely on Ba Zi, another major impact is the `time dimension' of Feng Shui - that needs to be either monitored or closely looked into - also. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, 1. First of all, the purpose of this cure is to allow metal to be activated (since, salt water helps in this process). 2. This cure is equivalent to e.g. a pendulum or tick-tock motion. Especially to destroy or neutralise bad earth #5. 3. Sometimes, a 6 rod metal wind-chime may not be as effective since it depends on wind movement. And if it does not chime, it is of no effect. 4. In particular, for a Period 7 house or houses born or built between 1984 or 2003 or have extensive renovations done, East sector has a base #5 (for many of the Flying Star Charts). 5. Correspondingly, the year chart is also #5 for the East sector this year. And there is also a #5 in a specific month of this year, coupled with #5 or #2 flying around during the day or hour. 6. In a situation where there are at least 2 #5 at a sector, it is best to activate metal. And therefore, this authentic cure comes in. This is where, sometimes, a string of 6 coins may not be enough to destroy the #5 20 year Period 7 house and this year's #5 at East. And if another #5 moves in say for a month, day or hour, then one may inadvertenly fall sick. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Tomas, Yes, based on the 5 elements concept, this is a good productive sequence flow. This is because in general, a dragon belongs to the earth element. Under the link, under the productive cycle, fire helps earth (dragon) grow:- http://www.geomancy.net/resources/theories/fs-5element.htm And a Fire-Earth combination symbolises vitality. Since the dragon (earth) already is considered very energetic. Kind of a "viagra" boost to the dragon by adding fire. This combination symbolises also activity or movement. Best to avoid a Water-dragon. As this is usually not a good combination. This implies a mild and less active dragon. If a logo colour is chosen, try to use a green dragon with fire element (red) spouting from his/her mouth. The rationale for chosing this two combination colours is, with reference to the five elements productive flow:- WOOD element (green) helps fuel FIRE (red) element. Which in-turn helps fuel EARTH (dragon) In addition, try to make the dragon slightly plumb as opposed to an undernourished dragon. Plus ok to give it 5 claws: the highest order of dragons or known as the apex `HEAVEN' dragon Best wishes on your new company! Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, Here are some considerations:- 1. Best to avoid having a fish tank or a fountain especially if the breadwinner is a weak fire or strong water element person. 2. Where possible, avoid placement of a fish tank exactly at the centrepoint of the house. However, for a house born, built or major renovation done between 1984 to 2003 or known as Period 7, certain locations e.g. living room (not exact centrepoint) is an auspicious sector. Depending on the layout, therefore, this can be an exception for certain Period 7 house(s). 3. If one looks out of the window and finds a street lamp post slicing thru a window, a fish tank with gold fish can be used to neutralise it. 4. In general, wter position(s) can be activiated at "water positions" especially if it is of low height. Locations for such a fountain can be the frontage of the house or living room. 5. Under Flying Star Feng Shui, certain locations that has #7 small metal or #6 big metal can be activated with water. However, the condition is that this location should be a `water position' such as the living room or balcony location. It would not be good to activate a water position at locations like the backdoor area or back of the house. So far, I can roughly think of some of the major yes and no for a fish tank. In fact, there are the most important considerations. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, 1. Practical or applied Feng Shui does not come about like what you had mentioned. 2. Recently, I got calls from potential clients worried about how their new condo could be turned topsy turvy with Feng Shui. 3. One potential client mentioned that, there were so worried to engage the same Feng Shui practitioner as their relative. This was because, the Feng Shui practitioner asked them to tear down the newly built wardrope and kitchen cabinets. Of a new condo. 4. These are similar concerns echoed by at least 3 more callers that I had received. Hmm... in my opinion, doing so is indeed a waste of money. And quite a desperate move. Which is never fruitful. On the contrary, more likelyhood is the need to fix leaks. The most common leak is one where when one opens the main door, qi could directly flow out of the house. Thus between all the senseless removal of cabinets etc... it would be prudent to fix major leaks. 5. The rationale, is that we do not need to resort to doing unless, really really necessary i.e. life or death situation. But so far, this is very rare. 6. What is more important as mentioned above is to fix leaks (if any) and enhance beneficial qi in a home. This is much more sensible than on a war path of destruction. More important, Shapes and Forms should also be considered. 7. In your case, it would be ideal if auspicious sectors are in good locations of your home. But if they are not, this is not the end of the world. 8. Utilization of Feng Shui, ba zi etc... have an aim of trying to fix leaks or enhance beneficial qi. 9. And, in many of my past forum messages, I suggest that even when we leave school, we are taking exams in various forms (tangible or intangible). 10. With regards to intangible exams, we are trying to get a boost of luck from all sectors and compartments. 11. Any teacher/lecturer would recommend that if we were suppose to answer 4 questions out of 10, we must certainly try to answer all 4 questions. We can certainly fail if we only answer 3 out of 4 compulsory questions. Why not spent equal time on all 4 questions. In your case, try to maximize luck in all compartments of your house using "the right tool for the right job". Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Diane, In my opinion, this issue relates more towards quality issue (or building and building ancillary defects) rather than Feng Shui. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, Yes, imagine standing as the stove. The direction the stove faces is the direction it is facing. Thus if the stove is exactly located at WEST, it is facing EAST. This is in-line with your understanding. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Julianna, 1. You can generate free reports: "What is my Gua (Kua) number" and also the "Eight House Report" to find out the Gua number for anyone born after 2000. 2. In my book " Applied Feng Shui", there are three methods that gives the same answer to the calculation of Gua before or after 2000. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Further to what I had mentioned earlier, I did a SEARCH under this forum for: Romance interpreation And found this old forum message:- Posted in: Discuss :: Free Advice (General Topics) on Friday, March 10, 2000 02:15 AM Dear Anon, The Flying Star has: 1. The Base Star. 2. The Water and Mountain Stars. Glyn correctly pointed out that the Base Number #8 (North East, Weak Earth) is correct to represents Romance. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Under the `81' interpretations: Mountain Star #1 and Water Star #4 which is similar to Mountain Star #4 and Water Star #1 signifies the following:- "Successful sales, become famous, praised, have good luck and likely to be promoted." -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mountain Star #4 and Water Star #4 which is similar to Mountain Star #4 and Water Star #4 signifies the following:- "Suitable for going out. You have romance luck." -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mountain Star #7 and Water Star #4 signifies the following:- "Romance Luck" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mountain Star #4 and Water Star #7 which is similar to Mountain Star #4 and Water Star #4 signifies the following:- "Romance is in control. There is Wealth and Romance gains during this period." -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mountain Star #1 and Water Star #7 and Mountain Star #7 and Water Star #1 signifies the following:- "Good luck in romance. Very lucky when going out. Prosperous." Thus, my interpretation of "#4 and #1' and vice versa, differs from the statement mentioned below. Warmest Regards, Cecil ----- End of excerpt ------- You can also do a SEARCH to look thru old messages posted on romance to help you further to understand the Romance issue.

Dea Dragana, In my opinion, SW = romance sector for the home or bedroom is too general to be of use to activate love life. A more accurate method is thru the use of the Flying Star Feng Shui especially based on the 81 interpretations. Previously, I had mentioned some of the 81 interpretations of a Flying Star that relates to love or romance in this forum. Please do a SEARCH to find out more. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, As mentioned in my earlier forum message, there is no advantage in displaying a Chinese coin sword. Unless, one wants to use it to offer protection - from e.g. the underworld or from ghosts or spirits. Keeping it in a drawer or wrapping it in e.g. newspaper and keeping is fine. Not necessary to `throw it away'. Displaying it without a purpose may inadvertently create family disputes or quarrels. A while back, I mentioned that it is also a disadvantage to display a pair of kirin inside or just outside the house. This will affect harmony in a family. For door guards, such as a pair of lions, it is still ok, so long as it faces outwards plus, it is plumb and preferred that it has a smiling face. As opposed to a fierce looking face. Hope that helps. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Eear Alicia, Please see below:- As spoken, last week. The best height is 110cm (first choice). The next best choice if you want it close the the headboard measurement is 104.5cm. If you want it higher, 43 inches is acceptable. But not necessarily too high. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Miriam, In my earlier e-mail, I mentioned that this may not be a `luxury' for many of us. For example, when we do a survey or an audit for a company; if it is a reasonably large business that may occupy an entire floor or many floors; a professional geomancer looks at: 1. Since the entire floor is empty; the best location can be chosen for say the CEO and his/her deputies anywhere on a floor. This selection takes into account factors like Flying Star of the entire floor or a 360 degree analysis of the entire floor. And the same goes for crucial areas such as Reception, Marketing/Sales, R and D, Board room, Finance/Accounts, etc... The purpose is to try to fit various processess into the best locations. And in the above process, try to see if it is possible to fit the CEO based on his/her Ba Zi. 2. As you can see from the above, when applying Flying Star, it is on a 360 degrees and on the entire floor area. Although Flying Star can be compartmentalized or broken into sections e.g. of a room, it is truly not meant for such meagre small rooms. The most effective use is to use it on the scale of an entire floor or storey e.g. 9th storey. Trying to `fool ourselves' to examine Flying Star in say a small cubicle e.g. a standard 5 feet by 5 feet office space is like taking a pacebo drug or simply `taking a sugar coated pill'. Perhaps, just a comforting thought to the persons' pyschology. Might as well buy a baby teet and placing it into our mouth (in private of course!) The best and most use of Flying Star Feng Shui is for `big areas'. A comfortable size is an apartment size will be still ok. 3. For the `rest of us', the best is to try to use Ba Zi elements and try to harmonize our environment (if possible) to fit our ba zi elements. For example, if one lacks water than, try to add an element say at the desk to make up for this. Warmest Regards, Cecil

The Three popular figurines that come as a set are: Fu (Prosperity) Lu (Luck) Shou (Longevity Some pictures of each of these symbols are found here:- http://www.geomancy.net/mypictures/cgi-bin/mypictures.cgi?img=0&search=prosperity&cat=all&bool=and&x=12&y=14 The rationale for an inverted " Prosperity/wealth" is symbolic. Since Fu (prosperity is inverted) it implies that you are pouring wealth downwards. And since, some homes place this inside their main entrance: it literally means prosperity (wealth) is pouring down e.g. from heaven to earth. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, If you are applying the Eight House than, you have to use South West (the door to get into your apartment). I like to clarify that if you are using another theory i.e Flying Star and wanting to place water features or mountain support, it is best to use the frontage of the building. A good example is that under such a situation, if say metal elements are detected at the frontage of the building, it is a good candidate for a water feature. Since you do not `own' the exterior of the building, even when you apply Flying Star Feng Shui, best to use say South West or the interior of your home. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Anon, 1. Further to what I had mentioned earlier, this Chinese sword made of coins should not be treated as every day decoration. 2. For example, it is common to say, find the figurines of Fu Lu Shou in many Chinese homes. Usually, 1 out of say 8 Chinese homes may have large or small of this three popular figurines displayed in the home. 3. But, in my opinion, it is extremely rare to find this Chinese sword coin in Chinese homes. Unless, it suddenly become highly commercialised as being able to bring in wealth. 4. Instead, as mentioned in the previous message, unless one's home is haunted or to clear out bad spirits or to ward of evil spirits. If these are not present in a home, there should normally be no specific reason why one must own one. It cannot forever, replace the popular handphone:) Warmest Regards, Cecil

Under the destructive cycle of Feng Shui, wood plant it's roots into the earth. In an environment with relatively flat buildings, in real life, and in a fertile land, you see in essence, trees dominating the enviroment of flat ground and even flat buildings....

Dear Dragana, 1. In terms of Flying Star Feng Shui, both methods i.e. 9 square grid or pie chart are equally acceptable. 2. Just a few days or a week ago, I had replied to a forum message describing the two methods. 3. Perhaps, you can do a SEARCH under this forum for `pie chart' to look thru the earlier message posted. 4. As mentioned under Para 1, there is no difference with either method. But for many Feng Shui practioners, analysing layout plans, we usually have ready made templates e.g. drawn on a transparency. And this can easily be super-imposed on a layout plan without worry of the scale of the layout plan. 5. For the grid method, if one is not a practitioner, one can perhaps take time to draw a 9 grid chart to fit into the layout plan. 6. If one get hold of the various Chinese (Mandarin books related to Feng Shui, so far, one may discover that many of the authors prefer to provide a pie chart much like the profile of the Chinese Luo Pan compass - which by the way is also in a pie chart formation. 7. In my opinion, it is only the English books on Feng Shui that commonly use the 9 gird chart. 8. As mentioned earlier, practitioners, and even myself, because of the huge volume and quantity of layout plans we look at per day; do not have the time or `luxury' to rescale layout plan to fit into a 9 grid chart. 9. There are two types of Flying Star Chart: 9.1 The horizontal Flying Star chart 9.2 The vertical Flying Star chart - The horizontal Flying star chart is in fact the regular charts that we use to look at plan form or the actual layout plan. - The vertical Flying Star chart is based on apartments. Where it is said that each floor has different qi levels. And it applies to apartments. For those who are not aware, you can use the Free report to analyse your apartment number to see it's sigificance. The vertical Flying star Feng Shui thus does not use pie or 9 grids. There is no right or wrong answer: pie or 9 grid. Feel free to use whatever method, you find comfortable with. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Tien Sze, 1. Before I answer your question, usually if a company hires us (geomancers) to do an audit, our first priority is to get the location for important areas e.g. reception, meeting room and CEO's office Feng Shuied to an optimium level. This usually also includes the location for Marketing/Sales and Finance/Accounting. 2. I can understand your constraint in that other than the CEO, or some Senior Managers, it is quite hard to change the direction of one's work area especially in an open office or if the building has a certain layout. 3. In quite alot of the messages posted under this forum, it is good to ponder over Three questions: 3.1. What is the aim or purpose of a concept? 3.2. What is it's strengths? 3.3. What is it's weakness? 4. I believe, many who read your message would also be facing similar problems to yours? 5. How do we then resolve this? 6. Your question/query is specific to the use of the Eight House or 4 East/West person's sector concept. 7. Under this concept, one must understand it's purpose, strenghts and weakness. THe weakness here is that, one cannot squeeze out more than what one can get of this theory. 8. For example, if you purchase a 4 door sedan. Don't expect that it can sit 6 or 8 persons comfortably. If you want a higher capacity car, then perhaps go for a larger MPV or even purchase a private van. 9. Similarly, one cannot squeeze out more of the Eight House theory. Since its purpose is to tell us how suitable the house is to the individual. 10. If you stay in a suitable house or work from a suitable location, fine. But if faced with similar situation, one can guess that there is NO CURE under the Eight House. Either one sits there or move out or (resign). There are no two ways about it. 11. If a house is not suitable to the owner, either if physically possible, change the door direction or MOVE OUT. 12. There is no other solution say, under the Eight House Theory. 13. The rationale here is that, one has met a DEAD END with the Eight House Theory. FULL STOP. 14. Since, what we want is to increase somewhat our luck, one has to apply additional concepts. And try to boost our luck in other areas: Home - Good Shapes and forms and if compass school Feng Shui is used, try to optimize our luck further. Ba Zi - knowing one's Ba Zi element e.g. strong water; weak water; weak fire; strong fire.... Here, one aspect is to wear clothings e.g. that suit our ba zi. Or try to harmonize the house colours to suit our ba zi. 15. We cannot therefore, try to bang our head against the wall and look for solutions from concepts that can't help us at all. 16. Ultimately, no Feng Shui expert can give anyone 100 percent assurance that what can or may work for majority of people, can or cannot work for others. Since, each of us face different situations. But in many cases, our house (earth luck) has quite a signficant influence on our lifes. But the problem here is that no one lives in identical homes or have ba zi that completely matches a neighbour's. Simple things like a leak in a home can make the difference between the fortunes of different people. Warmest Regards, Cecil

Dear Wasis, Thanks for your e-mail and sharing with all of us the lovely pictures taken:) Please see below:- In my opinion, this has more to do with commercialisation. Much like buying a rabbit's foot for luck. Frankly, since it costs not much, there is really no harm wearing them. Unless, one may be `conned' to buy anything more than say US$50 or more. Usually, the purchase price for a crystal piece is not more than US$5 or US$20 dollars at most. Locally in Singapore, lots of buddhists/toaists also purchase these beads be it crystal or made of wood. The longer ones are also hung inside the car i.e. strung along the rear view mirror at the dashboard side. The original purpose of such beads were intended for e.g. a monk or a follower to feel each bead at a time and circulate the movement with the thumb and index finger during meditation. By doing so, it is some sort of exercise as well as a routine to keep some monks awake. Frankly, as mentioned, there is relatively no harm using such beads. There is another set of beads that come from a specific tree. This type of bead is popular with buddhists (India) where a hole is made in each bead and strung. Some claim that such natural beads depending on the flower pattern on it yields some power. Yes, this is quite common. Sometimes, it is made of purple quartz exterior and contains white crystals. To activate mountain under Flying Star, something cheaper or equivalent even a red brick can be just as effective. But if one really has the money to depart with, then, frankly, there is not much problems. In fact, some other cheaper versions include molded clay that looks like a small mountain can be used as an alternative. Yes, sometimes because such stone lions may be too heavy and exceed the specific load of an area in a building, these `solid stone' or `metal lions' cannot be used at some locations due to the resticted load or kilo newton load imposed on a specific floor area calculated by structural engineers. This load limitation is especially true for some older designed Automated Teller machines. And one way to offset this limitation is to spread the load with a specified piece of metal sheet placed either prior to the exterior floor tiles or placed under the machine to spread the load of the floor area. Fibre glass ones can be used, since one key element in Feng Shui is the `power of symbolism'. Yes, an upside down Fu character is equally commonly used in some Chinese homes and business. These are equally widely used by overseas Chinese in the Far East e.g. Singapore, Malaysia and HongKong. Thanks for these pictures. This semi-ciruclar design is a traditional profile. This is widely called " Ming Tang or bright hall". The `flat' semi-circular feature provides clear space. Thus this is why the frontage of the building is called `bright hall'. Since there is clear space at the frontage of the building, there is thus light or `brightness' at the front of the building. Thus conducive for good business. In addition, the semi-circular shape (usually with water inside it) radiates out of the building providing added protection. And this "Ming Tang or Bright Hall" is a standard feature (if one has space at the frontage of the building to do so). Usually, a Feng Shui Master who provides advise to clients of such buildings would thus opt for this safe and well used method. Like they say it is best to " follow the crowd". Yes, if we are going to introduce metal to neutralise a sector or enhance a water feature with metal; then it is indeed a good method to use such an electronic windchime. A heavy windchime for show that does not make sound may be considered ineffective. Since it does not make constant metal sounds especially to neutralise bad earth #5 or multiples of #5 or #5 with #2 or with #3 and #4. Good luck in your production. If your wind chime is available, do let us know:)

Dear Anon, 1. Usually this set of i-ching coins string together is around 8 1/2 inches in length. 2. Since it takes the form of a `coin sword'; thus the implication is that it is for `defense'. For example, it is said to be used for protection or to ward-off evil spirits. 3. If you have the opportunity to view Chinese cinema shows, especially shows that have elements of toaism, ghosts/spirit or even Chinese vampires. 4. In such shows, one may chance to see a Chinese toaist expert using similar type of sword to destroy the bad/evil spirit by stabbing the creature with it. And performing rites. 5. Thus, it is as you had mentioned hung at some locations to disperse Sha Qi inside the home. 6. This is opposed to idea of hanging a ba gua. Where a ba gua normally should not be hang inside the home. The Ba Gua must be hung facing an exterior. 7. Where possible, try not to hang it facing one's main door or facing the seats in the living room. Sometimes, it is placed at NE or SW sectors. NE = devil's gate and SW = devil's back door. Or at locations where a `haunting may occur' within the home. 8. So far, since this is a Chinese implement, not sure if it can be applicable to unwanted spirits other than e.g. Chinese ghosts or spirits. For European or American ghosts/spirits... not sure whether it can be effective due to perhaps different culture. 9. I personally feel that some Feng Shui implements are not necessarily Globalised or Internationalised due to different cultures. It is best to if possible apply `methods' to a specific culture especially if it concerns extorism rituals etc... Warmest Regards, Cecil